Located in Kharkov in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic; the Chromolit Lithography was named in honor of Feliks Edmundovich Dzerzhinskii (1877-1926) who was head of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission (VChK) internal police who were commonly referred to as the “Cheka”. During its history, the printer was also named the 1st Chromolit Lithography and it was overseen by the printing trust UPKPT (Management of Production and Technical Equipment).

Formed in 1926 but in existence as early as 1923, the Association of Artists of the Red Ukraine (A.Kh.Ch.U.) was an artist collective. While its members were classical artists that trained under the realistic school, they strove to develop a fresh, post-revolutionary art aesthetic akin to the principals of the A.Kh.R.R. (Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia). A.Kh.Ch.U. had 14 branches around the Ukrainian SSR and it operated a ...